Article
316Ti is a version of 316 stainless steel with a small addition of titanium. It is very common in Europe, where it is known as 1.4571, and buyers there often specify it where others would choose 316L.
Why add titanium?
Like 321, 316Ti uses titanium to tie up carbon as titanium carbides. This prevents chromium carbides forming at grain boundaries during welding or service at 425–815 °C, so the steel keeps its resistance to intergranular corrosion while retaining a normal carbon level for strength.
316L vs 316Ti vs 316H
| Grade | How it avoids sensitisation | High-temperature strength |
|---|---|---|
| 316L | Very low carbon | Lowest |
| 316Ti | Titanium stabilisation | Higher than 316L |
| 316H | Does not; relies on controlled carbon for strength | Highest creep strength |
Composition highlights
- Chromium 16–18%, nickel 10–14%, molybdenum 2–3%
- Titanium at least 5 × (C + N), up to 0.70%
- Carbon up to 0.08%
Where 316Ti is used
- Chemical and pharmaceutical equipment built to European standards
- Heat exchangers and process lines with elevated temperatures
- Exhaust systems and hot water tanks
Things to know
Titanium carbonitride particles can make a highly polished surface harder to achieve, so 316L is often preferred for mirror-finish sanitary applications. Modern low-carbon 316L also gives good weld corrosion resistance, which is why 316Ti is less common outside Europe.
Ordering
Pipe 2" SCH 40S, ASTM A312 TP316Ti (EN 1.4571), seamless, EN 10204 3.1
Frequently asked questions
What is the EN equivalent of 316Ti?
EN 1.4571 (X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2).
Is 316Ti better than 316L?
It has better strength at elevated temperature, while 316L is preferred for polished sanitary finishes. For most room-temperature corrosive service they perform similarly.
Why is titanium added to 316Ti?
Titanium ties up carbon and prevents chromium carbide formation, avoiding sensitisation.
Key takeaways
- 316Ti = 316 with titanium stabilisation (EN 1.4571).
- Good for elevated temperature and welded construction.
- Prefer 316L for high-polish sanitary finishes.
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